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ethnies
Berikut salah satu manusia yang menjadi inspirasi dari penulis yakni Abraham Lincoln presiden USA ke 16 dan Bpk B.J. Habibie pemimpin tauladan kita
Abraham Lincoln / (February
12, 1809 – April 15, 1865) was the16th President of the United States,
serving from March 1861 until his assassination in April 1865.
Lincoln led the United States through its greatest constitutional, military,
and moral crises the American Civil War preserving the Union, abolishing slavery, strengthening
the national government and modernizing the economy. Reared in a poor family on
the western
frontier, Lincoln was self-educated, and became a country lawyer, a Whig Party leader,Illinois state legislator during the 1830s, and a one-term
member of the United States House of
Representatives during
the 1840s.
Prof.
DR (HC). Ing. Dr. Sc. Mult. Bacharuddin Jusuf Habibie or BJ Habibie is known as
(73 years) is a man of Pare-Pare (South Sulawesi), born June 25, 1936. Habibie
became President of the 3rd Indonesia for 1.4 years and two months as Vice
President of the Republic to-7. Habibie is a "blaster" among the
Javanese [mother] with Macassar / Pare-Pare [her father].
Small the days, Habibie has shown wit and high spirits on science and technology especially in Physics. During the six months he attended the Mechanical Engineering Institute of Technology Bandung (ITB), and proceeded to Rhenisch Wesfalische Tehnische Hochscule - Germany in 1955. By financed by his mother, R.A. Tuti Marini Puspowardoyo, young Habibie spent 10 years to complete the study of S-1 to S-3 in Aachen, Germany.
Unlike the average Indonesian students who received scholarships abroad, lectures Habibie (especially S-1 and S-2) are financed directly by the mother who did business catering and indekost in Bandung after her husband left to go (father Habibie). Habibie, Business, Design and Construction of Aircraft in the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering. During the five-year study in Germany Habibie finally earned his diploma Dilpom-Ingenenieur or techniques (note: technical diploma in Germany is generally synchronized with the title Master/S2 in other countries) with summa cum laude.
Mr. Habibie continue the doctoral program after marrying his high school friend, Mrs. Hasri Ainun Besari in 1962. Together with his wife living in Germany, Habibie must work to pay tuition fees as well as the cost of their household. Habibie had an interest in Aircraft Design and Construction. In 1965, Habibie S-3 finish his studies and received an honorary Doctor Ingenieur (Doctor of Engineering) with performance index summa cum laude.
During a doctoral student, BJ Habibie, has started work to support his family and cost studies. After graduation, BJ Habibie, working in-Blohm Messerschmitt-Bölkow or MBB Hamburg (1965-1969 as Head of Research and Development on Aircraft Structure Analysis, and later served as Head of Methods and Technology Division in the commercial aircraft industry and the military in MBB (1969 - 1973). Top performance and kebriliannya, four years later, he was appointed as Vice President and Director of Technology at MBB Penasihast period from 1973 to 1978 and became Senior Director of technology to the Board of MBB (1978). He became the only Asian person who succeeded in occupying number two position in this German aircraft company.
Habibie is Indonesia's first president who has received many awards, especially in the fields of science and technology both from domestic and foreign. Services in the field of aircraft technology to deliver he received an honorary Doctorate (Doctor of Honoris Causa) from the world's leading berbagaai University, among others, Cranfield Institute of Technology and Chungbuk University.
BIOGRAPHY
OF ABRAHAM LINCOLN
 |
| Abraham Lincoln |
After
a series of debates in 1858 that gave national visibility
to his opposition to the expansion of slavery, Lincoln lost a Senate race to
his arch-rival, Stephen A. Douglas. Lincoln, a moderate from a
swing state, secured the Republican Party presidential nomination in 1860. With
almost no support in the South, Lincoln swept the North and
was elected president in 1860.
His election was the signal for seven southern slave states to declare their secession from the Union and form the Confederacy. The departure of the
Southerners gave Lincoln's party firm control of Congress, but no formula for
compromise or reconciliation was found. Lincoln explained in his second inaugural address:
"Both parties deprecated war, but one of them would make war rather than
let the Nation survive, and the other would accept war rather than let it
perish, and the war came."
When
the North enthusiastically rallied behind the national flag after the
Confederate attack on Fort Sumter on April 12, 1861, Lincoln concentrated
on the military and political dimensions of the war effort. His goal was now to
reunite the nation. As the South was in a state of insurrection, Lincoln
exercised his authority to suspend habeas corpus,
arresting and temporarily detaining thousands of suspected secessionists
without trial. Lincoln averted British recognition of the Confederacy by
skillfully handling the Trent affair in late 1861. His efforts toward the abolition of slavery include issuing his Emancipation Proclamation in 1863, encouraging the border states
to outlaw slavery, and helping push through Congress the Thirteenth
Amendment to the United States Constitution, which finally freed all
slaves nationwide in December 1865. Lincoln closely supervised the war effort,
especially the selection of top generals, including commanding general Ulysses S.
Grant. Lincoln brought leaders of the major factions of his party
into his cabinet and pressured them to cooperate. Under Lincoln's leadership,
the Union set up a naval blockade that shut down the South's normal trade, took
control of the border slave states at the start of the war, gained
control of communications with gunboats on the southern river systems, and
tried repeatedly to capture the Confederate capital at Richmond, Virginia. Each time a general failed,
Lincoln substituted another until finally Grant succeeded in 1865.
An
exceptionally astute politician deeply involved with power issues in each
state, Lincoln reached out to War Democrats and managed his own re-election in the 1864 presidential election.
As the leader of the moderate faction of the Republican party, Lincoln found
his policies and personality were "blasted from all sides": Radical Republicans demanded harsher treatment of the
South, War Democrats desired more compromise, Copperheadsdespised him, and irreconcilable
secessionists plotted his death. Politically,
Lincoln fought back with patronage, by pitting his opponents against each
other, and by appealing to the American people with his powers of oratory. His Gettysburg Address of 1863 became the most quoted speech
in American history. It was an iconic statement of America's dedication to the
principles of nationalism, republicanism, equal
rights, liberty, and democracy. At
the close of the war, Lincoln held a moderate view of Reconstruction, seeking to
reunite the nation speedily through a policy of generous reconciliation in the
face of lingering and bitter divisiveness. Six days after the surrender of
Confederate commanding general Robert E. Lee,
however, Lincoln was assassinated by actor and Confederate sympathizer John Wilkes
Booth. Lincoln's death was the first assassination of a U.S.
president and sent the nation into mourning. Lincoln has been
consistently ranked both by scholars and the public as one of the greatest U.S.
presidents.
BIOGRAPHY
OF B.J. Habibie
 |
| B J Habibie |
Small the days, Habibie has shown wit and high spirits on science and technology especially in Physics. During the six months he attended the Mechanical Engineering Institute of Technology Bandung (ITB), and proceeded to Rhenisch Wesfalische Tehnische Hochscule - Germany in 1955. By financed by his mother, R.A. Tuti Marini Puspowardoyo, young Habibie spent 10 years to complete the study of S-1 to S-3 in Aachen, Germany.
Unlike the average Indonesian students who received scholarships abroad, lectures Habibie (especially S-1 and S-2) are financed directly by the mother who did business catering and indekost in Bandung after her husband left to go (father Habibie). Habibie, Business, Design and Construction of Aircraft in the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering. During the five-year study in Germany Habibie finally earned his diploma Dilpom-Ingenenieur or techniques (note: technical diploma in Germany is generally synchronized with the title Master/S2 in other countries) with summa cum laude.
Mr. Habibie continue the doctoral program after marrying his high school friend, Mrs. Hasri Ainun Besari in 1962. Together with his wife living in Germany, Habibie must work to pay tuition fees as well as the cost of their household. Habibie had an interest in Aircraft Design and Construction. In 1965, Habibie S-3 finish his studies and received an honorary Doctor Ingenieur (Doctor of Engineering) with performance index summa cum laude.
During a doctoral student, BJ Habibie, has started work to support his family and cost studies. After graduation, BJ Habibie, working in-Blohm Messerschmitt-Bölkow or MBB Hamburg (1965-1969 as Head of Research and Development on Aircraft Structure Analysis, and later served as Head of Methods and Technology Division in the commercial aircraft industry and the military in MBB (1969 - 1973). Top performance and kebriliannya, four years later, he was appointed as Vice President and Director of Technology at MBB Penasihast period from 1973 to 1978 and became Senior Director of technology to the Board of MBB (1978). He became the only Asian person who succeeded in occupying number two position in this German aircraft company.
Before entering the age of 40 years,
Habibie was very brilliant career, especially in the design and construction of
aircraft. Habibie became "jewel" in Germany and he had
"honorable position," both materially and intellectually by the
Germans. While working at the MBB of Germany, Habibie contributed various
research findings and a number of theories for science and technology in the
field of Thermodynamics, Construction and Aerodynamics. Several theoretical
formulations known in the world aircraft such as the "Habibie
Factor", "Habibie's Theorem" and "Habibie Method".
Habibie is Indonesia's first president who has received many awards, especially in the fields of science and technology both from domestic and foreign. Services in the field of aircraft technology to deliver he received an honorary Doctorate (Doctor of Honoris Causa) from the world's leading berbagaai University, among others, Cranfield Institute of Technology and Chungbuk University.
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